【詹偉雄專欄】一個年輕人之死

2021/01/13
詹偉雄
【詹偉雄專欄】一個年輕人之死
圖片取自Flickr,CC授權,作者roman korzh
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一個年輕人之死,我惋惜著卻並不遺憾,她喪命於自己選擇的路途之上,相對於台灣絕大多數身不由己、躊躇難行的成人世界,已屬幸福。

21歲梁聖岳和19歲劉宸君,在去年就計劃前往印度和尼泊爾進行一場刻苦且漫長的旅行,雖說年輕,但兩人都有豐富的荒野經驗,對自然中的殘酷或有低估,卻並不陌生。他們兩人一月中出發,在機場留下一張合照後,僅剩下偶而上傳的臉書,與親友維持著微弱的聯繫。3月初,兩人與家人失去聯絡,心急的父母立刻協商加德滿都探險旅行社組織搜救隊伍開始搜索。27日,第一批搜救隊出發,截止於4月10日降下的大雪,無功而返。

4月20日搜救隊第二次啟動,並聘用當地人參與任務。終於,在26日那天,搜索隊員發現有一隻禿鷹盤旋在Nachet Kharka河峽谷上空,貌似搜索著下方的獵物,他們覺得這或是關鍵線索,於是穿越樹林,下降到峽谷,在視線盡頭的一座瀑布下方,看見隱約露出一塊紅布。借助一棵枯乾的巨大倒木,搜救隊員得以攀緣而下陡滑的大石,接近到梁聖岳和劉宸君迫降紮營的洞穴,這一天離他/她們被確認失蹤的時日起算,已經是第47天。

梁聖岳和劉宸君失蹤的期間,台灣媒體依循常規,將新聞刻意地情感化。一方面,渲染著「小情侶」挑戰「爬喜馬拉雅山」的不自量力,引發撻伐和嘲諷,另一方面,藉著劉宸君臉書上許多內心世界的反思書寫,召喚著閱聽眾心中的不捨和傷感。

啟動「常民意識形態」(common ideology)中的防禦性評價機制(「年輕人就是這麼任性,讓愛他們的父母為之心碎」)、運用「死亡是任何生命敘事被武斷終結」的感傷情結(「好可惜,這麼有才華、前程似錦的年輕人」),是台灣電視新聞編輯室最常運作的詮釋套路,觀眾在新聞中被挑起生離死別的情緒,黏著於其中並追索著後情,但糟糕的是,這樣的手法除了創造收視率外,並沒有揭露更多事件的真實,觀眾情感短期波動後,也只能消弭於「還好我不是他們」的保守共同體肯證中。

明顯的第一個專業謬誤,是對「喜馬拉雅山」的囫圇吞棗認識。世界地理中有喜馬拉雅山脈,卻沒有任何一座山峰叫做喜馬拉雅山,自然也不可能有「爬喜馬拉雅山」這樣的行動。如果就事件的發生地來引述喜馬拉雅山,那也太不精確,喜馬拉雅山脈位於中國和巴基斯坦、印度、尼泊爾與不丹等國邊界,東西綿延2400公里以上,南北縱深可達300公里,論面積足足有台灣近30倍大,其中7200公尺以上的獨立山頭就過50座(包括聖母峰在內的8000以上高峰有10座),梁聖岳和劉宸君到底置身在哪一段,沒有一個媒體精確指出過。

第二個謬誤,是分不清「健行」(hiking)、「荒野健行」(trekking)和「登山」(mountaineering)的不同。健行指的是風景優美的地方,擁有清晰可辨、容易行走的步道;荒野健行意味著遠離文明,需要負重長途跋涉,中途往往得露宿搭帳,步道未必好走但尚不至於需要探勘尋索;登山著重在高度的攀爬,通常需要四肢並用,並結合繩索確保、溯溪和雪攀等技巧以克服地形障礙。健行與荒野健行雖也有危險性,但不若登山來得高,由劉宸君與朋友的對話訊息看來,他/她們選擇的路線是加德滿都北方的Ruby Valley Trek,這是一條荒野健行步道,但不會用到登山所需的複雜裝備與技術訓練,在此行程的末端,他們會於一個名叫Gatlang的村落進入另一條高山健行步道Tamang Heritage Trek ,打算在四千公尺以上的山區紮營,好好領略Tamang高山原民部落的文化。由網路上對這兩個步徑的描述研判,兩人如此選擇,顯然是著重於藉著某種吃苦的長程跋涉,而能對高美疏遠的當地文化有種「身體介入式的參悟」(embodiment),媒體記者把他們的荒野健行拿來與攀爬聖母峰的登山影片編織在一起,塑造他/她們草率、魯莽的形象,是不求甚解又想當然爾的誤判。

第三個謬誤,是不假思索地複製台灣社會對冒險運動的長期偏見。台灣社會的集體潛意識裡,對「冒險」的高度不安(相較世界其他地方)幾乎已達歇斯底里的程度。於歐美或日本來說,社會已經系統性地接納冒險,認為人們在與自然的冒險性遭遇中,可砥礪個體的智識、勇氣與品格,也是個人完善自我情感教育(知美、崇高、敬畏、涵詠)不可或缺的一環,因而全社會都支持個人的冒險行動,並在民間互助的基礎上,發展出成熟、專業、效率的救難機制。但在台灣的家父長權威體制中,下意識地認為山林水域是其權力延伸的管轄空間,進出必須申請審核,因而救難也是其威信與能力展示之必要作為,殊不知,這些平日編制在各縣市消防局下的救難人員,僅僅受過短時數的訓練,怎能應付複雜與突發的任務需求(因而也常成為被二次救難的對象)。社會也常因救難花費的搜救金額,而指責冒險者是自私自利者,將他們與全社會對立起來。這種無視於「冒險」所帶來之巨大公共財的無知,是長期製造業體制對於作業員身體維安規訓的結果,它們只看到身體健康的工人對生產線上作業成果的保證(因而「冒險」是威脅,該被控管或排除),卻看不到冒險者的歷險對全社會帶來的巨大隱藏收益——《魯賓遜漂流記》創造了西方的個人主義文明、翻越阿爾卑斯山的歌德寫下了《浮士德》、去印度流浪六個月後的賈伯斯隨後創辦了蘋果電腦。

當梁聖岳獲救而劉宸君遇難的消息傳來,我坐在電腦前面,藉著關鍵字的圖片搜尋,一張張翻閱著Ruby Valley Trek和Tamang Heritage Trek 的照片,我好想看看,劉宸君在她的生命結束前,她看到了哪些畫面,心靈有過哪些小小的激動。我們當然不是事件的當事人,我們的二手理解也非當下的直觀了悟,但當事件發生後,我們難道不應該嘗試逼近一下她那年輕的靈魂,從她的選擇中端詳那我們一生中從未動念企及的世界嗎?一個生命消失了,如果說這個死亡有意義,那就是倖存的我們能由對逝者渴望的探問裡,明白自身生命邊界外仍有奇特的壯麗與深邃,值得生者勇敢追尋,不問年紀。

他/她們失足墜落的地方,位於Pangsang隘口附近,這個地方海拔有3842公尺,根據救難隊員的轉述,梁與劉在此遇到大雪,路跡不明,他/她們決定循溪谷找尋村落,結果失足跌下懸崖,滑落後,上方是巨石,下方是更陡峭的崩崖,進退維谷,兩人只好選擇附近的岩洞,靠著殘存的食糧,等待機會。在梁聖岳獲救日的三天前,劉宸君才不支過世,但他/她們已在岩洞裡撐過四十幾天,顯然,人生中我們未曾經歷過的存在難題、思索過的絕地求生技法,21歲的他和19歲的她都一一面對過了,救難人員抵達時,雪已融化,春天也結束了。

兩百多年來,由魯賓遜所典型化的現代生活中,人是被命定要「設計」自己的人生的,這樣,他才有所依據來接著設計出生活中所需的工具與器物:冒險,為的是要更有意義地活著,而不是囫圇吞棗度日。一個年輕人之死,我惋惜著卻並不遺憾,她喪命於自己選擇的路途之上,相對於台灣絕大多數身不由己、躊躇難行的成人世界,已屬幸福;我也感謝他/她們,讓我認識暟暟白雪覆蓋下的喜馬拉雅,藏有巨大奧義;我也想安慰她的父母,小孩於找尋自我的過程中失去生命,仍應為她感到驕傲。

詹偉雄
1961年生於台中縣豐原鎮,台大圖書館學系、台大新聞研究所畢業。曾參與博客來網路書店與《數位時代》《Soul》《Gigs》《短篇小說》等多本雜誌之創辦;著有《美學的經濟》《球手之美學》《風格的技術》等書,目前專職於文化社會學之研究。

更多詹偉雄專欄請見此

首圖取自Flickr,CC授權,作者roman korzh

【DesignBIZ 專欄觀點】辦公室設計:為什麼它比你想像中更重要?/邱柏文

【DesignBIZ 專欄觀點】辦公室設計:為什麼它比你想像中更重要?/邱柏文
source/JC. Architecture & Design
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工作場域體現了企業文化?辦公室設計與企業品牌、員工招募與績效產出具有實質的關聯嗎?柏成設計創辦人以設計案例分享其成果與影響力。

此篇《DesignBIZ View》專欄發布於《設計新商業 DesignBIZ》 電子報 NO.029 期
點此訂閱 → 掌握設計師、創意總監、創業家的第一手觀察觀點!

Click here to read English version.

最近,一位好友問我:「我們應該找裝修承包商來設計辦公室以節省成本嗎?因為如果透過設計師,那不是會花更多錢嗎?如果我只是分享一些 Instagram 上的照片,承包商就可以幫我們做嗎?」直接找承包商當然可以省下一些錢,但你會希望在你的辦公室看到什麼?你希望透過辦公室呈現怎樣的願景?你想向員工傳達什麼訊息?你期望把公司帶向何方?

我們挑戰過許多辦公室設計,包含傳產:永聯物流開發-物流共和國台北園區辦公室、服裝:H&M 辦公室,以及政府單位:新北市政府辦公室-逗號實驗室等備受讚譽的辦公室專案,我們開始問自己,在辦公室設計中我們追求的是什麼?

重新定義工作場所

問題來了:辦公室設計是否應該關注在成本上?透過雇用承包商模仿 Instagram 上的設計來節省開支,雖然看起來很吸引人,但真正的辦公室設計並不僅僅是美觀和費用。辦公室設計不僅僅是創造一個辦公空間,而是要打造一個能向客戶和員工展示你公司精神和價值觀的環境。辦公室是企業文化和願景的表述。

JC. Architecture & Design Office Living Room Meeting Room
JC. Architecture & Design Office Living Room Meeting Room source/JC. Architecture & Design

舉個簡單的例子:我的設計公司柏成設計,著重在討論創意的可能性,集思廣益創造新的可能。因此,我們很早就決定,會議空間和討論角落在我們的公司文化中非常重要。儘管我們的團隊只有 27 人,但我們還是特意設計了六個不同的討論點,讓大家可以快速聚集在一起提出新的想法,平均每 5.4 個人就可以享用討論空間。

公司文化就是空間形象

從微軟辦公室(新北市和南港)這樣的大型企業,到新北市政府辦公室 - 逗號實驗室這樣的傳統機構,我們承接的每一項辦公室設計,都是為體現組織獨特文化而量身定制的。無論預算多少,所期望的結果都應以公司目標為中心,即彰顯身份和個性、如何協同工作、如何促進團隊的健康和幸福,以及如何與客戶溝通。

永聯物流辦公室 概念
永聯物流辦公室 概念 source/JC. Architecture & Design

像永聯的物流共和國台北園區這樣的辦公室是一個好案例,永聯物流作為台灣首家,也是最大的機構型物流地產開發商,因為企業文化屬於創業型,在設計空間時,我們應用堆疊貨櫃的結構概念,在開放空間中創造各種角落和工作空間,打破辦公室的統一性,同時利用三種物流業常見的材料:混凝土、波紋鋼板和木箱刨花板,展現公司重要的品牌特質。

永聯物流辦公室
永聯物流辦公室 source/JC. Architecture & Design

辦公室設計對績效、觀感與留任率的影響

良好的辦公室設計還有助於提高員工留任率。我的一位好友經營鉸鏈、鉗子等工具進出口,這是個蠻傳統且不太吸引人的行業,相對來說辦公室設計也非常傳統,充斥著工具箱、沒有燈罩的日光燈、塞滿文件亂糟糟的工作桌等等。他告訴我,在辦公室重新設計和改造之前,很難招聘員工。曾有面試者抵達辦公室,還沒走到門口,就被工作環境嚇到而離開了。

也因此,他知道勢必採取一些行動,而重新設計辦公室就是他的解決方案。他改善照明、安裝升降桌、在室內種植了綠植等設施之後,現在員工留任率非常高,招聘也順利許多。這顯示了老闆關心員工,且想給他們最好的環境。更重要的是,員工士氣大幅提升,也越來越有自信,這樣的轉變說明了有效的辦公室設計如何直接影響品牌形象和工作滿意度。

品味在地風味的辦公室設計

不管我們設計什麼,有沒有當地的思想是非常重要的。但在辦公室設計上,這不容易做到,因為在地化設計常常會變成,將台北 101 的剪影放在辦公室門口,代表你來到台灣,這常在國外的辦事處看到。當我們在設計新北市辦公室 - 逗號實驗室時,我們將台灣傳統的「辦桌文化」融入辦公室家具設計, 讓大家可以一起在一張大桌工作,將本地文化的情感與工作環境連結在一起。

New Taipei Government Office - Comma Lab concept diagram
New Taipei Government Office - Comma Lab concept diagram source/JC. Architecture & Design
New Taipei Government Office - Comma Lab
New Taipei Government Office - Comma Lab source/JC. Architecture & Design

世界的辦公室設計

今年 4 月的米蘭設計週與米蘭國際家具展覽-Salone del Mobile Milano,吸引了所有知名家具製造商和品牌展示業界最優秀的作品,很可惜今年的展覽相較於去年,辦公室設計的創新明顯減少,不過還是有兩個案例想跟你們分享。

瑞士品牌 USM 持續創新經典的鉻管和框架系統。他們這次將照明集中到鉻管中,隱藏電線管路,不僅保持系統的貯物功能,也能同時照亮展示物品。這個作法也促進了友善植物設計,使植物能夠在貯物系統中茁壯成長,這是對傳統儲物系統巧妙的新設計。

USM Shelving system
USM Shelving system source/JC. Architecture & Design

至於家庭辦公室,我參觀 Desalto 的展位。Desalto 提供了多種適應性的解決方案,可供小型住宅擴展或減少家具,以最大限度利用有限的空間。它的設計提醒了我們,無論生活空間有多小,在家工作仍然是一個可行的選項,這在疫情後尤其重要。

Desalto exhibition
Desalto exhibition source/JC. Architecture & Design

以人為本與健康取向的辦公環境設計

最後,我想分享一些以「人」為中心的設計,以及讓心靈健康的辦公環境設計策略:

每個辦公室都需要儲物空間:與其將它們放置在牆邊,不如在中央設置集中式儲存空間,作為一個高 110 公分的中島櫃,鼓勵同事間的互動和討論。

Taiwan Design Research Institute Office
Taiwan Design Research Institute Office source/Taiwan Design Research Institute

設計周到的照明:減少長時間在強烈均一光線下工作的不適。如果從辦公桌到洗手間的照明環境能變化,就可以讓眼睛從 8 小時的持續人工燈光中獲得休息。

H&M Taiwan Office
H&M Taiwan Office source/JC. Architecture & Design

綠色設計:最大程度地利用自然光和綠色植物,增加人與自然的聯繫。我建議與綠化顧問和景觀美化公司合作,以確保植物的長期壽命,也要準備一筆維護植栽的預算。

Microsoft Office New Taipei City
Microsoft Office New Taipei City source/JC. Architecture & Design

辦公室藍圖的前瞻

辦公室設計的本質超越了節省成本,它體現了公司文化,提升了士氣,並塑造觀感。一個策略性、精心打造的空間不僅僅是一個工作場所,而是生產力、協作和企業身份的熔爐。透過設計思考,我們投資於公司的未來和走進門的每一個人的福祉,讓我們的設計不僅為現在,更為我們的員工和客戶留下長久而深遠的印象。

此篇《DesignBIZ View》專欄發布於《設計新商業 DesignBIZ》 電子報 NO.029 期
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Think office design as part of your company culture, a communication tool.

Price or culture? Recently, a close friend asked me, "Should we look for a contractor to design our office to save costs? Because if I hire a designer, isn't that going to cost more? What if I just share some office Instagram photos that I like as references, and the contractor can build it for us?" Sure, saving a few bucks here and there is possible, but what would you like to see in your office? What vision or spirit do you want your office to embody? What message do you want to send to your employees, or which direction or path would you like the company to take?

As a celebrated office design studio in Taiwan, with acclaimed projects like the Logistic Republic Office, a fashion office H&M Office Taiwan, and a government office New Taipei City Government Office - Comma Lab, we always ask ourselves, "What is it that we are after in an office design?" "What can we do to help the employee and its environment?" "How can design help a brand to give a sense of character and confidence?" and "What 'global conversations' can we add to our client’s office design, so that the office communicates with the world?"

Culture of the Workplace: A Vision Beyond the Price Tag

Should office design focus primarily on cost? While economizing by hiring contractors to mimic designs from Instagram might seem attractive, true office design transcends mere aesthetics and expenditure. Office design isn't just about creating a space where people can work—that’s the bare minimum; it's about crafting an environment that reflects the company’s ethos and values to both clients and employees. An office is a statement of a business’s culture and intention.

JC. Architecture & Design Office Living Room Meeting Room
JC. Architecture & Design Office Living Room Meeting Room source/JC. Architecture & Design

A quick example: my design studio culture is about discussing creative potentials and brainstorming new possibilities. Therefore, very early on, we decided that meeting spaces and discussion corners were important in our company culture. Even though we are only a team of 27, we have purposely designed six different meeting points where we can quickly come together and brainstorm for new ideas, averaging roughly 5.4 people per meeting space.

Cultural is the Spatial Identity

Every office design we undertake, from large corporations like Microsoft Office (New Taipei City and Nangang) to more traditional institutions such as the New Taipei Government Office - Comma Lab, is tailored to embody the unique culture of the organization. Regardless of the budget, the desired result should be centered around the establishment’s goals for bringing out identity and character, how they want to work together, how they contribute to the health and well-being of their teams, and how they want to communicate with their clients.

Logistic Republic sketch
Logistic Republic sketch source/JC. Architecture & Design

This company culture ultimately evolves into the brand identity of the space: how the space looks and feels, how workstations are placed, how one moves about the offices, whether the CEO sits with everyone in a non-hierarchical layout, or whether there's a top-down seating environment where a manager overlooks every monitor screen from behind. An office such as the Logistic Republic is a good example to share, showing how brand identity can be showcased in the office arena. Logistic Republic (mother company Ally Logistic Properties) is now one of the main players of logistics property developers and centers in Taiwan, the culture of the business is very entrepreneurial, and the CEO’s thinking is very startup-like. What we thought most about when designing the space was whether we could create small corners here and there to give employees freedom to be creative, instead of an array of tables. We applied the concept of stacking shipping container-like structures to create various corners and workspaces within the open space and disrupt the uniformity of the office, all while showcasing the company's essential brand characteristics using three familiar materials one would see in the logistics industry: rough concrete exposures, corrugated steel sheets, and wooden crate chipboards.

Logistic Republic Office
Logistic Republic Office source/JC. Architecture & Design

Design Impacts on Performance, Perception and Retention rates

Employee retention rates are positively impacted by well-designed offices. My good friend, who runs an import-export business involving toolsets like hinges and pillars—a typically traditional and not particularly enticing industry—faced a design that one could imagine to be very traditional, filled with toolkits, exposed fluorescent lighting, cluttered work desks covered with paper files, and old wooden desks that one can't bring oneself to dispose of, adding to the clutter around the office environment. He revealed that hiring new staff was always a challenge, with unforgettable incidents where potential hires would arrive at the company front door, only to look around and then turn away, heading in the opposite direction.
Deciding to take action, a redesign of his office was the solution. He sought the best in office furniture that was ergonomic and height-adjustable, lighting that was healthy for the eyes, and biophilic walls throughout the office. The results were astonishing; not only was the office up to date with today's standards of office language, but recruitment also became much easier, retention rates of existing employees were high, and perhaps most importantly, staff morale increased dramatically, reflecting their growing confidence. It showcased that the company's values were being infused into everything they do, which was evident in their performances.

Have a Bite into Locality.

Whatever we design, I believe local identity is very important, especially in office design. This is not easy to accomplish, as most of the time, this ends up being a silhouette of Taipei 101, or whichever country they are from. Consider the New Taipei Government Office (Comma Lab) as an example. We thought about whether we could design a huge table that allows everyone to gather and work together, similar to infusing the essence of Taiwan's traditional "banquet culture," tying the emotional bond between work and local culture.

New Taipei Government Office - Comma Lab concept diagram
New Taipei Government Office - Comma Lab concept diagram source/JC. Architecture & Design
New Taipei Government Office - Comma Lab
source/JC. Architecture & Design

The World’s Approach to the Office

With this column set to publish in April, I can’t overlook discussing the Milan Furniture Fair - Salone del Mobile Milano. This event draws all the leading furniture manufacturers and brands to Milan, showcasing the industry's finest. Unfortunately, this year’s fair saw a noticeable decline in innovations in office design compared to the previous year. Nevertheless, I had the opportunity to visit the exhibit of USM, a Swiss brand that continues to innovate its classic rod and joint system. They’ve now integrated lighting into the rods, concealing the electronics to maintain the system’s shelving functionality while also illuminating display items. This addition also facilitates a plant-friendly design, enabling plants to thrive within the shelving system—a clever redesign of traditional storage solutions.

USM Shelving system
USM Shelving system source/JC. Architecture & Design

As for home offices, I visited Desalto's booth, which was particularly relevant in today's world affected by COVID-19 and other communicable diseases. It reminded us that working from home remains a viable option, regardless of living space constraints. Desalto offers numerous adaptable solutions for small residences, allowing for the expansion or reduction of home furnishings to maximize the utility of limited spaces.

Desalto exhibition
Desalto exhibition source/JC. Architecture & Design

A Human-Centric Design & Wellness Approach

Here is how I go about developing a practical methodology for all office spaces, using a human-centered approach & wellness thinking, and I’d like to share my approaches with you:

Every office needs storage. Instead of putting them against the wall, centralized storage in the middle of the floor plate acts as a mid-island table at 110cm tall, encouraging interactions with colleagues and peer-to-peer discussions.

Taiwan Design Research Institute Office
Taiwan Design Research Institute Office source/Taiwan Design Research Institute

Thoughtful lighting: Reduce the discomfort of working long hours under strong uniform light. If the lighting environment can change between your pathway from desk to toilet, that in turn already allows the eyes to rest from the 8 hours of constant artificial light on your table.

H&M Taiwan Office
H&M Taiwan Office source/JC. Architecture & Design

Biophilic design: Maximizing natural light and greenery taps into the innate human connection with the natural world and boosts well-being and employee satisfaction. This is not easily done, and I suggest working with a green consultant and plant management company to ensure the longevity of the plants, be ready to have a healthy maintance budget too.

Microsoft Office New Taipei City
Microsoft Office New Taipei City source/JC. Architecture & Design

The Office Blueprint Forward

In wrapping up, the essence of office design transcends cost-saving; it embodies a company’s culture, boosts morale, and shapes perceptions. A strategic, well-crafted space is not just a place of work but a crucible of productivity, collaboration, and corporate identity. By investing in thoughtful design, we invest in our company’s future and in the well-being of everyone who walks through its doors. Let’s design not just for the now, but for the lasting impression our spaces will imprint on employees and clients alike.

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